Интерферометр Тваймана — Грина

${\displaystyle E_{1}-E_{01}\cos {\Biggl [}(\omega +\Delta \omega _{1})t+\phi _{1}{\Biggl ]}}$,

${\displaystyle E_{2}-E_{02}\cos {\Biggl [}(\omega +\Delta \omega _{2})t+\phi _{2}{\Biggl ]}}$.

${\displaystyle U_{\omega }\thickapprox I_{0}\cdot V\cdot A\sin(\omega t)\sin(\phi -\varphi ')}$,

${\displaystyle U_{2\omega }\thickapprox {\frac {1}{4}}I_{0}\cdot V\cdot A\cos(2\omega t)\cos(\phi -\varphi ')}$.

${\displaystyle I(x,y,t)=I_{0}(x,y){\Biggl [}1+V(x,y)\cos {\Biggl \{}\phi (x,y)+\alpha \sin(\omega t)+\varphi (t)'{\Biggl \}}{\Biggl ]}}$,

${\displaystyle U=U_{0}+U_{\omega }+U_{2\omega }+U_{3\omega }+...}$

${\displaystyle I_{\text{ф}}=E_{01}^{2}{\Biggl \langle }\cos ^{2}{\Biggl \{}{(\omega +\Delta \omega _{1})t+\phi _{1}{\Biggl \}}}{\Biggl \rangle }+E_{02}^{2}{\Biggl \langle }\cos ^{2}{\Biggl \{}{(\omega +\Delta \omega _{2})t+\phi _{2}{\Biggl \}}}{\Biggl \rangle }+E_{01}E_{02}{\Biggl \langle }\cos {\Biggl [}(2\omega +\Delta \omega _{1}+\Delta \omega _{2})t+\phi _{1}+\phi _{2}{\Biggl ]}{\Biggl \rangle }+E_{01}E_{02}{\Biggl \langle }\cos {\Biggl [}(\Delta \omega _{1}-\Delta \omega _{2})t+\phi _{1}-\phi _{2}{\Biggl ]}{\Biggl \rangle }}$.

${\displaystyle I_{s}=E_{01}E_{02}{\Biggl \langle }\cos {\Biggl [}\Delta \omega t+\phi _{s}{\Biggl ]}{\Biggl \rangle }}$,

${\displaystyle I_{r}=E_{01}E_{02}{\Biggl \langle }\cos {\Biggl [}\Delta \omega t+\phi _{r}{\Biggl ]}{\Biggl \rangle }}$.